To minimize reflections at high frequencies, you can often look up (or calculate) the output impedance at the desired frequency and add in a simple resistor to ground at the input of the second ...

Not only can the program calculate the combined impedance but it can perform frequency analysis at a specified frequency or graph the frequency response over a wide range of frequencies.

It is the measured, dynamic, beat-to-beat changes in impedance that are processed and applied to an algorithm to calculate stroke volume and cardiac output. Direct and derived variables measured ...