One can divide lacrimal drainage system tests into functional and anatomical evaluations. The functional (physiological) tests are designed to assess tear flow under natural physiological ...

A thorough history can lead to information regarding medications that can contribute to punctal stenosis. Conjunctivochalasis is an under-recognized cause of upper lacrimal system epiphora.

AIMS To determine the current bacteriology of lacrimal duct obstruction (LDO) and to relate the bacteriological findings to the type of symptoms. METHODS 127 samples were obtained from the lacrimal ...