Between dialyses, patency of these blood vessels depends on maintaining circulation between artery and vein by means of a Teflon-Silastic loop, creating an external arteriovenous fistula.
Tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) is an abnormal connection between the esophagus and trachea. TEF occurs when the wall that normally separates the esophagus and trachea does not form correctly before ...
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