CNC routers have a minimum of 3 axes: X, Y and Z, or a 3 dimensional tool travel ... Then its spindle and router bit can move up or down on the z axis. The machine tool’s movements are powered with ...

Figure 2-6: Simulation of a dual rotary mechanism fastened to the table of a standard 3-axis CNC milling machine. Tool length offsets work the same way here as with any conventional 3-axis machine.